Did You Know - Keyword Index
Alphabetical listing of key topics
Acid-base disturbances 535 536
ADHD 502
ADHD sleep disorders and melatonin treatment 948
Adiponectin & diabetes 309
Adiponectin & renal disease 514
Allergy, mites and cockroaches 1014
Allergy & allergen avoidance 335
Allergy and delayed introduction of cow’s milk and solids 826
Allergy & immunotherapy 345
Allergy (rhiniitis) and steroid sprays 403
Allergy & pollution 406
Allergy (milk) & future tolerance 418
Allergy treatment 445
Altitude & effects on pharmacokinetics 509
Aluminium in parenteral nutrition - possible consequences 945
Anaemia & chronic disease 302
Anaemia and growth 1028
Anorectal malformations: long term outcome 944
Anorexia nervosa outcomes 741
Antibiotics for PROM and preterm labour 841
Antibiotic prophylaxis for infective endocarditis 817
Apoptosis and caspases 515
Apoptosis in paediatric lung disease 715
Appetite control 310
Asthma & anti-leukotrienes 933
Aquaporin antibody and neurological disease 820
Aquaporin in the neonate 732
Aquaporins & the brain 541
Aquaporins & the kidney 542
Assisted reproduction and neurodevelopment 904
Assisted reproduction and outcome 830 834
Asthma/allergy in paediatrics 920
Asthma response and gene polymorphism at codon 16 801
Asthma & early steroid therapy 320
Asthma & steroids vs leukotriene antagonists 323
Asthma & magnesium sulphate 325
Asthma & intravenous IgG 329
Asthma & responders vs non-responders 441
Asthma & antileukotrienes 444
Asthma/allergy in paediatrics 445
Asthma & methyl xanthines 501
Asthma and paracetamol 837
Asthma & theophylline 503
Asthma & diagnosis 517
Asthma & GINA (the Global Initiative) 531
Asthma & cromoglycate 616
Biliary atresia 943
Biliary atresia and maternal microchimerism 724 810
Birthweight and subsequent metabolic syndrome 807
Bone disease & bisphosphonates 332 915
Bone status & carbonated drinks 339
Bone status in childhood 603
Breast feeding & baby friendly hospitals 601
Breast feeding & HIV 714
Bronchiolitis & passive immunisation 315
Bronchiolitis 316
Bronchiolitis treatment with hypertonic saline 1031
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia 518 618
Caesarean section and increased risk of diabetes and asthma 811
Caesarean section &subsequent stillbirth 348
Caesarean section rates 429 624 1007
Ceftriaxone-calcium intravascular precipitates 827
Cerebral Palsy in VLBW survivors 703
Chikingunya fever 627
Childhood malignancy triggers (smoking, alcohol, pesticide, petroleum exposure) 911
Chlamydia in paediatrics 326
Cholera treatment 548
Chromosomal microarray analysis for detection of congenital abnormalities 845
Cladophialophora bantiana and cerebral abscess 836
Clinical guidelines 420
Colic (infantile) 622
926
Congenital abnormalities – long term outcome 1008
Cough medicines – limited (if any) rolediduknow_0622.html in paediatrics 814
COX-2 inhibitors & tocolysis 346
COX-2 inhibitors 448 533 647
COX-3 314
CPR in children 1017
Cystic fibrosis & bone density 1010
Cystic fibrosis & nitric oxide 625
Cystic fibrosis and rate of decline of lung function 1001
DDT & malaria 544
Dermatitis (atopic) & immune modulation 414
Dexamethasone prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia 1016
Diabetes & adiponectin 309
Diabetes (gestational) & foetal malformation 313
Diabetes (gestational) & resistin 401
Diabetes and cerebral oedema 737 838
Diabetes and current concepts 921
Diabetes & onset after tacrolimus 410
Diabetes & Hepatitis CC 413
Diabetes & immunotherapy 613
Diabetes & current concepts 614
Diabetes 643
Distal forearm fractures: above- vs. below-elbow casts 1011
Disparities in health care 1023
Drug interactions 447
Drug trial analysis 644 1029
Early vs expectant ART for HIV-infected infants 846
Electrical injury in children 833
Encephalopathy (neonatal) timing of insult 322
Encephalopathy (neonatal) & head cooling 508
Endoscopy (intracranial) 605
Erythropoietin and complications in renal and cancer patients 839
Erythropoietin & neuroprotection 317
1003
Erythropoietin & red cell aplasia 402
Erythropoietin and retinopathy of prematurity 918
Erythropoietin antibodies 426
Erythropoietin actions 524
Erythropoietin and Hb in renal failure: is more better? 702 707
Essential fatty acids & lipoxin:resolvin ratio 533
Flouroquinolones & inappropriate use 333
Folate fortification 941
Free water handling 430
Fungal infections treated by caspofungin 720
Gastroenteritis & oral rehydration 431
Gastroenteritis (eosinophilic) aetiology 415
Ghrelin 311
Global warming effects on health and disease 521
Growth & effect of intervention for stunting 546
Growth Hormone – indications for use in paediatrics 913
Growth standards and malnutrition rates 928
Guillain Barre syndrome 543
Haemolytic uraemic syndrome 828
Handwashing & child health 608
Head injury and CT scans 939
Hearing screening 532
Health economics and clinical practice 824
Helicobacter pylori symptomatology and antibiotic sensitivity 1002
Heme oxygenase-1 in inflammation 744
Henoch-Schonlein purpura 712
Henoch-Schonlein purpura 712
Hepatitis B: prevention of antenatal transmission using HBIG 1005
Hepatitis C & Diabetes 413
Hepatitis C & HIV 446
HIV/AIDS transmission and progression 425 714 916
HIV/AIDS transmission and progression
HIV/AIDS vaccines 545
HIV/AIDS & MTCT 330 341
HIV/AIDS and physiotherapy intervention 739
HIV, ART, rehabilitation and neurodevelopmental outcome 819
HIV & cancer in paediatrics 726
HIV and circumcision 844
HIV and BCG immunisation 906
HIV & Hepatitis C 446
HIV & malaria 507
HIV & syndromic treatment for STD's 412 539
HIV prevalence in antenatal population in SA 848
HIV treatment & lactic acidosis 547
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors & anti-inflammatory effects 432
House dust mite control measures 825
HPV vaccines 929 937
Hyperbaric oxygen treatment 307 334
Hyperbilirubinaemia (conjugated neonatal) 342
Hyperbilirubinemia & new treatment/s 537
Hyperbilirubinemia management in SA 638
Hypertension as inflammatory disorder 409
Hyponatraemia in hospitalized children and role of maintenance fluids used 745
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
934
Hypotension in VLBW & steroid treatment 606
Hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy – preventive strategies 716
Ibuprofen for closure of PDA 818
Ibuprofen for fever and pain 1006
IL-6 & meningococcal disease 405
ITP treated with romiplostim 806
IMCI 443
Immunisation & pertussis 623
Immunology 635
Incretin 643
Infant feeds & obesity 628
Infant feeds & fortification 636
Inflammatory bowel disease & mycobacterium avium 434
Influenza vaccine – adverse event rates 1015
Insulin administration and glycaemic control in critically ill neonates 1027
Insulin & role in recovery/repair 411
Insulin & INS VNTR genotype 642
Insulin & role in recovery/repair 909
interventions and neurodevelopmental outcome in ELBW infants 907
Intravenous Immune Globulin (IVIG): neonatal indications 1025
In-vitro fertilization and pre-implantation screening 747
Iodine deficiency 925
Iron deficiency anaemia due to Helicobacter infection 847
Iron deficiency and stroke 742
Iron supplementation & malaria 604
Ischaemic tolerance in the foetus 340
ITP treated with romiplostim 806
IUGR & adult-onset disease 419 520 538
IVF & Beckwith syndrome 328
Kangaroo mother care 610
Lead toxicity 321
Leptin 344
Leukaemia (ALL) in black cf white children 338
Leukaemia treatment and effect on pancreas 408
Lipoxin:resolvin ratio & essential fatty acids 533
Lung development and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 735
Lung development/function and pollution 709
Malaria & nitric oxide 306
Malaria & effects on placenta 407
Malaria treatment 423 534
Malaria vaccines 439 917
Malaria & HIV 507
Malaria-HIV co-infection 1018
Malaria in Africa 519
Malaria & DDT 544
Malaria & iron supplementation 604
Malaria & parvovirus 634
Maternal deaths 645
Maternal micronutrient supplementation and pregnancy outcome 804
Measles vaccine – respiratory administration 1009
Meconium aspiration and steroids 743
Medicines prescribing 631
Melamine as a cause of renal failure 842
Melanoma and sun exposure 733
Melatonin and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis 713
Meningitis diagnosis 347
Meningococcal disease & IL-6 405
Meningococcal vaccine 428
Meningococcal disease 607 617
Mercury poisoning 632 709
Methyl xanthines 501
Metapneumovirus and bocavirus as causes of respiratory illness 730
Micronutrients & foetal growth 512
Micronutrients & pneumonia 633
Migraine update 840
Milk for post-exercise rehydration 903
Millenium Development Goals 513
Mortality after febrile seizures 832
MRI for foetal post-mortem examination 930
Multidrug-resistant pneumococcal infection in children 813
Necrotising enterocolitis and probiotics 719
Neonatal jaundice – UK guidelines 1022
Neonatal sepsis and chlorhexidine prophylaxis 947
Neonatal thrombocytopaenia 312
Neonatal thrombocytopaenia and platelet transfusion 946
Neoplasia 744
Nephrocalcinosis in preterm infants 835
Neurodevelopmental consequences of neonatal steroid treatment 815
Nitric oxide & airway inflammation 301
Nitric oxide & malaria 306
Nitric oxide & outcome 540
Nitric oxide & cystic fibrosis 625
Nitric oxide & RDS 630 705
Noise in the NICU 912
NSAIDS & Renal failure 525
Nucleated red blood cells and foetal/neonatal morbidity and mortality 816
Nutrition, infection and cognitive development 1026
Obesity and adenovirus 908
Obesity & infant feeding 427 628
Obesity & sleep duration 740
Obesity interventions 1024
Oral rehydration solutions 431
Organophosphate poisoning 701 1021
Orphan drugs for orphan diseases 823
Otitis media and mastoiditis 910
Otitis media & pneumovax 336
Otitis media 640
Outcome after childhood seizures 319
Outcomes (birth) & simple interventions 433
Outcomes analysis after perinatal interventions 523 703 708
Outcomes analysis 621
Oxygen dissociation 615
PANDAS 626 637
Parvovirus 634
Paracetamol and immunogenicity 940
Parvovirus B19 and paediatric joint disease 722
Patient safety 516
PDA ligation and complications 935
PDA management 505 805
Peripartum cardiomyopathy 812
Permissive hypercapnoea in neonatal lung disease 718
Pharmacokinetics & effects of altitude 509
Placental lesions and abnormal neurodevelopment 727
Pneumonia 717
Pre-eclampsia: role of aspirin in prevention 721
Pre-eclampsia update 510
Predictors of severe illness in infants 803
Pregnancy, hyperglycaemia & foetal malformation 313
Pregnancy & electronic foetal monitoring 337
Pregnancy & SSRI treatment 416
Pregnancy & auto-antibodies 421
Pregnancy & weight gain 641
Pressor choice for hypotension – adverse effects 734
Preterm birth: epidemiology 802
Preterm delivery prevention 324 923
Preterm delivery & cerclage 424
Probiotics and acute diarrhoea 731
Probiotics and necrotising enterocolitis 719
Procalcitonin & neonatal sepsis 440
Prophylaxis for neonatal conditions 821
Protein C & severe sepsis 308 711
Protein C & meningococcemia 617
Pulmonary hypertension & sildenafil 305
936
Pulmonary hypertension: role for arginine as treatment 705
Pulmonary hypertension: treatment with sildenafil, arginine, citrulline 914
Pulse oximetry screening for congenital heart disease 809
Pyloric stenosis and azithromycin 706
Pyloric stenosis & erythromycin 304
Pyloric stenosis: open vs laparoscopic repair 905
Reflux (Vesico-ureteric) 442
Reflux disease (infants and children) 609 902
Renal disease & adiponectin 514
Renal failure & NSAIDS 525
Resuscitation (neonatal) & air vs oxygen 318 438 942
Retinopathy of prematurity 620
Rheumatic fever & current status in Africa 529 1030
Rheumatic fever 611
Rheumatoid arthritis 526
RNA-editing 646
Rubella immunisation
927
Rotavirus vaccine 303 422 729 1004
Scoliosis and potential role of melatonin 713
Screening & hearing outcome 532
Seizures (childhood) and long-term consequences 319
Seizure & control in children 528
Seizures and valproate 602
Seizures 639
Sepsis (neonatal) & GBS diagnosis 327
Sepsis (neonatal) & procalcitonin 440
Sildenafil & pulmonary hypertension 305
SIDS and dummy/pacifier use 723
Sleep apnoea treatment 522 1019
Spontaneous intestinal perforation/pneumoperitoneum 648
Staph aureus & wall teichoic acid 417
STD's & HIV & syndromic treatment 412 539
Steroids & 'designer glucocorticoids' 511
Steroids and complications in VLBW 518 648 708
Steroids and hypotension in VLBW 606
Steroids antenatally – effects and complications 901
TNF suppression & consequences 331
938
Tonsillitis 436
Toxoplasmosis: gestational seroconversion, treatment and vertical transmission 704
Transplantation 744
Treatment guidelines in under 5’s 717
Triage for hospital admission in young infants 843
Tuberculosis & diagnosis 504
Tuberculosis & immunology 612
Upper airway obstruction 437
Urinary cytokines for diagnosing renal disease 728
Vaccines & otitis media 336
Vaccines & rotavirus 422
Vaccines & meningococcal disease 428
Vaccines & malaria 439
Vaccines & polio eradication 530
Vaginal birth after caesarean section 1012
Valproate and coagulation disorders 829
Valproate effects 602
Ventilation & continuous negative pressure 619
Vesico-ureteric reflux 442
Ventilation – end-tidal CO2 monitoring 922
Ventilation strategies for respiratory distress syndrome 746
Ventricular septal defect closure (invasive vs non-invasive)746
Vitamin A supplementation to prevent infant morbidity and mortality 931
Vitamin A and maternal mortality 1020
Vitamin D deficiency 506
Vitamin D deficiency and neonatal seizures 736
Vitamin D & possible effects 629 924
Vitamin K & osteoporosis treatment 404
White matter disease and postnatal infection 831
Zinc and under 5 morbidity and mortality 738
Zinc supplementation for childhood diarrhoea 1013